Diarrhea

Diarrhea occurs when body wastes are discharged from the bowel more often and in a more liquid state than usual.

Signs & Symptoms

• Frequent watery, loose stools
• Cramping or pain in the abdomen

Causes

Common causes are infections that affect the digestive system, food allergies, overuse of laxatives or alcohol, and taking some antibiotics. Diarrhea is also a symptom of lactose intolerance, diverticulitis, food poisoning, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Treatment

Self-care usually treats diarrhea. The goal is to replace lost fluids and minerals to prevent dehydration.

Self-Care / Prevention

If vomiting is also present, treat for vomiting first.

Prevent dehydration:

• Drink plenty of water and other fluids, such as sports drinks and broths.
• Avoid drinks with caffeine or alcohol.
• Avoid having high “simple” sugar drinks, like apple juice, grape juice, and sodas. These can make the diarrhea persist. Or, dilute juices and sodas with water.

If you have signs of dehydration seek medical care. Until you get care, drink fluids:

• Broths and sports drinks
• For children less than 2 years old, give over-the-counter mixtures, such as Pedialyte as advised by their doctors. Do not give them sports drinks.
• Keep breastfeeding your baby if you are nursing. If you are using formula, make it full strength unless your doctor gives you different advice.

Until the Diarrhea Stops

• Avoid caffeine and alcohol.
• Choose foods that don’t upset your stomach.
• Do not have foods that are greasy, high in fiber, or sweet.
• Avoid milk, but try yogurt that has live cultures of lactobacillus acidophilus (unless you are lactose intolerant).
• Adults can try an over-the-counter medicine, such as Imodium A-D or Pepto-Bismol. Follow the directions on the label. {Note: Stools can become black after taking Pepto-Bismol. Also, do not give aspirin or any medication that has salicylates to anyone under 19 years of age, due to its link to Reye’s syndrome.}